Archaeologist PNG Transparent Images

Submitted by on Nov 7, 2020

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Archeology, or archaeologist, is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. Archaeological archives are made up of artefacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts and cultural landscapes. Archeology can be considered both as a social science and a branch of the humanities. In Europe, it is often considered a discipline in its own right or a sub-field of other disciplines, while in North America, archeology is a sub-field of anthropology.

Archaeologists study prehistory and the history of human, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago to the last decades. Archeology is distinct from paleontology, which is the study of fossil remains. It is especially important to learn about prehistoric societies, for which there may not be any written documents to study. Prehistory includes more than 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic to the advent of literacy in societies around the world. Archeology has different objectives, ranging from understanding the history of culture to reconstructing past lifestyles, including documenting and explaining changes in human societies over time.

The discipline includes surveying, excavating and possibly analyzing the data collected to learn more about the past. To a large extent, archeology is based on interdisciplinary research. It is based on anthropology, history, art history, classics, ethnology, geography, geology, literary history, linguistics, semiology, sociology, criticism textual, physics, information sciences, chemistry, statistics, paleoecology, paleography, paleontology, paleozoology and paleobotany.

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Archeology developed from Antiquarianism in Europe during the 19th century and has since become a discipline practiced around the world. Archeology has been used by nation states to create special visions of the past. Since its inception, various specific sub-disciplines of archeology have developed, including maritime archeology, feminist archeology and archeoastronomy, and many different scientific techniques have been developed to facilitate archaeological research. Nevertheless, today, archaeologists are faced with many problems, such as pseudoarchaeology, looting of artefacts, lack of public interest and opposition to the excavation of human remains.

The science of archeology (from the Greek ἀρχαιολογία, archaiologia de ἀρχαῖος, arkhaios, “ancient” and -λογία, -logia, “-logy”) grew out from the old multidisciplinary study known as antiquarianism . The antique dealers have studied history with particular attention to ancient artifacts and manuscripts, as well as to historic sites. Antiquarianism focused on the empirical evidence that existed for understanding the past, encapsulated in the motto of 18th century antiquarian Sir Richard Colt Hoare, “We are talking about facts, not theory.” Tentative steps towards the systematization of archeology as a science took place during the Age of Enlightenment in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries.

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