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A hologram is a physical recording of an interference pattern that uses diffraction to reproduce a three-dimensional light field, resulting in the image retaining depth, parallax, and other properties of the original scene. Holography is the science and practice of creating holograms. A hologram is a photographic recording of a light field, instead of an image formed by a lens. Holographic medium, i.e. an object created by a holographic process (which itself may be called a hologram) is usually incomprehensible when viewed in diffused ambient light. This is the encoding of a light field as an interference pattern of variations in opacity, density, or surface profile of a photographic medium. With the right lighting, the interference pattern scatters light, accurately reproducing the original light field, and objects that were in it show visual depth cues such as parallax and perspective that realistically change depending on the relative position of the observer. That is, the view of the image from different angles represents the subject viewed from the same angles. In this sense, holograms not only create the illusion of depth, but also represent truly three-dimensional images.

Pure holography requires the use of laser light to illuminate the subject and view the finished hologram. A microscopic level of detail can be reproduced in a recorded scene. However, in common practice, large trade-offs are made on image quality to eliminate the need for laser light to see a hologram, and in some cases for that. Holographic portraits often use non-holographic intermediate imaging procedure to avoid the use of dangerous high-power pulsed lasers, which are otherwise required to optically “freeze” moving objects as ideally as the high-motion holographic recording process requires. Holograms can now be created entirely with the computer to show subjects or scenes that never existed.

Holography differs from lenticular and other earlier autostereoscopic 3D imaging technologies, which may produce superficially similar results, but are based on images from conventional lenses. Images that require special glasses or other intermediate optics, stage illusions such as Pepper’s Ghost and other unusual, disturbing, or seemingly magical images are often incorrectly referred to as holograms. Holography is a technique that allows you to record a light field (which is usually the result of scattering of a light source by objects) and then reconstruct it when the original light field is no longer present due to the absence of the original objects Holography such as musical instruments or vocal cords, is encoded in such a way that it can be played later without the presence of the original vibrating material. However, it is even more like an Ambisonic audio recording in which any listening angle of the sound field can be reproduced in the reproduction.

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