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A kitchen is a room or part of a space used for cooking in a home or business establishment. A modern, mid-level living kitchen is usually equipped with a hob, sink with hot and cold water, refrigerator, and counter tops and kitchen cabinets arranged in a modular fashion. Many homes have a microwave oven, dishwasher, and other electrical appliances. The main functions of a kitchen are storing, preparing, and cooking food (and performing related tasks such as washing dishes). The room or area can also be used for lunch (or small meals like breakfast), entertainment, and laundry. Kitchen design and construction is a huge market all over the world.

Commercial kitchens are located in restaurants, cafes, hotels, hospitals, schools and workplaces, army barracks and similar establishments. These kitchens are usually larger and have larger and heavier appliances than residential kitchens. For example, a large restaurant might have a huge refrigerator and a large dishwasher. In some cases, commercial kitchen equipment such as commercial sinks is used at home because they provide ease of food preparation and durability.

In developed countries, commercial kitchens are usually subject to public health laws. They are periodically checked by public health officials and forced to close if they do not meet the hygiene requirements established by law.

The development of the kitchen is associated with the invention of the cooking range or stove and the development of water infrastructure capable of providing private homes with running water. The food was cooked over an open fire. Technological advances in heating food in the 18th and 19th centuries changed the architecture of the kitchen. Before the advent of modern pipes, water was supplied from an external source such as wells, pumps, or springs. Houses in ancient Greece were usually located in an atrium: rooms were located around a central courtyard for women. In many of these homes, and otherwise open patio serves as a kitchen. In the homes of the wealthy, the kitchen was a separate room, usually next to the bathroom (so both rooms could be heated with a kitchen fire), and both rooms were accessible to the courtyard. In such houses, there was often a separate small pantry in the back of the kitchen, in which food and kitchen utensils were stored.

In the Roman Empire, ordinary people in cities often did not have their own kitchen; they cooked in large public kitchens. Some had small, mobile bronze stoves that could light a fire. The wealthy Romans had relatively well-equipped kitchens. In a Roman villa, the kitchen was usually integrated into the main building as a separate room, separated for practical reasons by smoke and sociological reasons for which the kitchen being operated by slaves.

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