The shampoo is a hair care product, usually in the form of a viscous liquid, which is used to clean hair. Less commonly, shampoo is available as a bar form, such as soap. The shampoo is used by applying it to wet hair, massaging the product in the hairs, and then rinsing. The use of herbs and extracts for washing hair was found in ancient times in India, whence the name “shampoo” is a hygienic product. It comes from Hindi, the word cāmpo, meaning “to press,” and refers to a form of therapeutic body massage that is often witnessed by 18th-century British visitors in India. The best pH for shampoo is from 5 and 7.

The materials most commonly used in the preparation of surfactants used in shampoos are extracted from coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and soybean oil. Some widely used basic detergents in shampoos are ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, and sodium lauryl ether sulfate.

The main purpose of the shampoo is to remove dirt and oil from the surface of the hair fibers and scalp, and the main purpose of the conditioner is to ensure that the hair is smooth for combing. Some commercial shampoos may also contain additional ingredients to control dandruff and hair condition.

In 1927, the liquid shampoo was invented by German inventor Hans Schwarzkopf in Berlin, whose name created the brand of shampoo sold in Europe. Soap and shampoo were originally very similar products; both contain the same natural detergent, such as a surfactant.

The shampoo helps water effectively remove dirt and odors such as smoke or sweat. Shampoos can also remove oil. Hair gets its oil from the sebaceous glands, which secrete an oil called sebum, which keeps the hair moisturized. Most shampoos are designed to remove excess oil, which helps your hair look cleaner.

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