A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to carry goods. Trucks vary greatly in size, capacity, and configuration; smaller grades may be mechanically similar to some automobiles. Commercial trucks can be very large and powerful and can be equipped with special equipment, for example, in the case of garbage trucks, fire engines, concrete mixers, and suction excavators. In American English, a commercial vehicle without a trailer or other articulation formally represents a “straight truck.” While a vehicle is designed specifically to pull a trailer is not a truck, but a “tractor.”

Modern trucks mainly run on diesel engines, although in the USA, Canada, and Mexico, there are small and medium trucks with gasoline engines. In the European Union, vehicles with a total mass of up to 3.5 tons (7,700 pounds) are known as light commercial vehicles as well as larger vehicles.

Trucks and cars have a common predecessor: the Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot steam engine was not built in 1769. However, steam wagons were not common until the mid-19th century. Roads of the time, built for horses and carriages, limited these vehicles to very short distances, usually from the factory to the nearest train station. The first semi-trailer appeared in 1881, towed by a steam tractor manufactured by De Dion-Bouton. Steam wagons were sold in France and the United States until World War I and 1935 in the UK when a change in road tax regulations made them uneconomical for new diesel trucks.

The US Federal Bridge Act addresses the relationship between the total weight of the truck, the number of axles, the weight, and the distance between the axles that the truck may have in the interstate highway system. Each country determines the maximum permissible vehicle weight, combination, and axle weight on national and local roads.

Almost all trucks have a common design: they consist of a chassis, a cab, a placing cargo area or equipment, axles, suspension and drivetrain, an engine, and a drive. Pneumatic, hydraulic, water, and electrical systems may also be present. Many also tow one or more trailers or semi-trailers.

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