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Easter, also called Pascha (Greek, Latin) or Resurrection Sunday, is a festival and – a holiday and feast in memory of the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, which in the New Testament is described as taking place on the third day after his burial following his crucifixion by the Romans of Calvary c. AD 30. This is the culmination of Jesus’ passion, preceded by Lent (or Great Lent) fasting, 40 days of fasting, prayer and repentance.

Most Christians refer to the week before Easter as “Holy Week,” which includes the days of the Easter Triduum, including the Maundy Thursday in honor of the Maundy and the Last Supper and Good Friday, the crucifixion and death of Jesus. In Western Christianity, Easter, or the Easter season, begins on Easter Sunday and lasts seven weeks, ending on the 50th day, the Sunday of Pentecost. In Eastern Christianity, the season of Pascha begins on Pascha and ends on the 40th day, the Feast of the Ascension.

Easter and related holidays are mobile holidays that do not fall on a specific date in the Gregorian or Julian calendars but only follow the cycle of the Sun; instead, its date has been shifted from the date of Passover and is therefore calculated based on a lunisolar calendar similar to the Hebrew calendar. The first Council of Nicaea (325) established two rules: the independence of the Jewish calendar and uniformity throughout the world, which were the only rules for Easter established by the council. Details of the calculation are not provided; they were developed in practice, and the process took centuries and caused several controversies. This happened on the first Sunday after the full church moon, which occurs soonest or on March 21st or instead after it. Even if calculated from the more accurate Gregorian calendar, this ecclesiastical full moon sometimes differs from the date of the astronomical first full moon after the March equinox.

Easter is associated with the Jewish Passover through much of its symbolism and its position on the calendar. In most European languages, the holiday is called by the words for Passover in these languages; and in older English versions of the Bible, the term Easter was the term used to translate “Passover.” Easter customs varied in Christendom and included:

• Sunrises.
• An exclamation of Easter greetings.
• Carving of a church and decorating Easter eggs (symbols of an empty tomb).

The Easter lily, a symbol of the resurrection, on this day traditionally adorns the church territory until the end of Easter.

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