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Jiminy Cricket (also known as J. Crick, Young Crickey, and Big Cricket) is the Walt Disney adaptation of the “Talking Cricket” (Italian: Il Grillo Parlante), a fictional character created by Italian writer Carlo Collodi for his 1883 children’s book The Adventures of Pinocchio, which Disney adapted into the 1940 animated film Pinocchio.

Originally an unnamed minor character in Collodi’s novel which is killed by Pinocchio before returning as a ghost, he was transformed for the Disney adaptation into a comical and wisecracking companion who accompanies Pinocchio on his adventures, having been appointed as Pinocchio’s official conscience by the Blue Fairy (known in the book as the “Fairy with Turquoise Hair”). He performs “When You Wish Upon a Star” in the film, which is widely regarded as the Walt Disney Company’s trademark song.

Jiminy Cricket has short antennae, a greenish-brown color, and four limbs, unlike real crickets, which range from black to light brown and have long antennae and six legs; Jiminy Cricket has short antennae, a greenish-brown hue, and four limbs, like other Disney characterizations. He wears a blue top hat and carries a burgundy umbrella, and is dressed in the style of a 19th- or early 20th-century gentleman. Since his debut in Pinocchio, he has gone on to feature in a number of subsequent Disney films, including the host in Fun and Fancy-Free (1947) and the Ghost of Christmas Past in Mickey’s Christmas Carol (1983).

The character’s name is a play on the cry “Jiminy Cricket!” – a minced profanity for “Jesus Christ” – which was shouted by the seven dwarfs themselves in Pinocchio’s Disney precursor, 1937’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.

Other examples from today’s movie include: When Dorothy (Judy Garland) is startled by the Wizard’s pyrotechnics in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, she exclaims, “Oh! Oh! Jiminy Crickets!” Garland also uses the expression in the 1938 film Listen, Darling; it appears several times in the 1930 film Anna Christie, and it appears in the 1938 Mickey Mouse cartoon “Brave Little Tailor.” In addition, Jiminy Crickets is used as a euphemism for children in the 1919 novelty song Oh By Jingo! (“We’ll have a lot of tiny Jiminy Crickets, we can use them for meal tickets”).

Ward Kimball, who had been upset and was about to quit the Disney company when much of his work for Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was removed from the final version of that film, created the character. Walt Disney, on the other hand, convinced him to stay by assigning him the task of directing the animation of Jiminy Cricket.

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