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Judo is a modern Japanese martial art that has grown in popularity to the point where it is now an Olympic and Paralympic sport. Jigoro Kano invented the sport in 1882 as a physical, mental, and moral schooling in Japan. Judo’s most noticeable aspect, derived from jujutsu, is its competitive element, in which the goal is to throw or take down the opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue the opponent with a pin, or compel the opponent to submit with a joint lock or a choke. Strikes and thrusts with the hands and feet, as well as weapon defenses, are all elements of judo, but only in pre-arranged forms (kata) and not in judo competition or free practice (randori).

Until the establishment of the Olympic event, it was also known as Kan Jiu-Jitsu. A judoka is a judo practitioner, and the judo costume is known as a “judogi.”

Judo’s ideology and subsequent methodology served as a model for various modern Japanese martial arts that arose from kory (traditional schools). Judo has inspired a variety of martial arts throughout the world, including Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Krav Maga, Sambo, and ARB. Close-quarters combat (CQC), mixed martial arts (MMA), shoot wrestling, and submission wrestling were all influenced by Judo.

The inventor of judo, Japanese polymath and educator (Kan Jigor, 1860″1938), born Shinnosuke Jigor, is inextricably linked to the sport’s early origins. Kano was born into a middle-class household. Jirosaku, his father, was the second son of the Shinto Hiyoshi shrine’s chief priest in Shiga Prefecture.

He married Sadako Kano, the daughter of the Kiku-Masamune sake brewing company’s owner, and was adopted by the family, taking the surname Kano. He eventually rose through the ranks of the Shogunal government.

Jigoro Kano was raised in an intellectual environment and began studying English, shod, and the Four Confucian Texts (Shisho) at the age of seven. Kano started boarding at Ikuei-Gijuku in Shiba, Tokyo, when he was fourteen years old.

Early attempts to locate a jujutsu instructor ready to take him on were unsuccessful. In an increasingly westernized Japan, jujutsu had fallen out of favor. Many former teachers had been driven out of the profession or had gotten so disillusioned with it that they had just given up.

Nakai Umenari, a veteran soldier and a friend of Kan’s father, agreed to show him kata but not to teach him. Katagiri Ryuji, the custodian of Jirosaku’s second residence, knew jujutsu but refused to teach it because he considered it was no longer useful. Imai Genshiro of the Kyshin-ry style of jujutsu, another frequent visitor, also declined. He had to wait several years before he found a willing teacher.

Kano learnt in 1877 while a student at the Tokyo-Kaisei school (soon to become part of the newly created Tokyo Imperial University) that many jujutsu professors had been compelled to explore alternate vocations, with many of them founding Seikotsu-in (ancient osteopathy practices).

Kano was directed to Fukuda Hachinosuke (c. 1828″1880), an instructor of the Tenjin Shin’y-ry of jujutsu who had a little nine mat dojo where he taught five pupils after looking at a number of them. Fukuda is claimed to have prioritized technique above formal exercise, laying the groundwork for Kano’s judo emphasis on randori (free practice).

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