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Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca fortress atop a 2,430-meter mountain crest in southern Peru’s Eastern Cordillera. It lies 80 kilometers (50 miles) northwest of Cuzco, in the Machupicchu District of Urubamba Province, above the Sacred Valley. The Urubamba River runs through it, slicing through the Cordillera and forming a tropical mountain canyon.

The majority of archeologists think Machu Picchu was built as a private estate for Inca Emperor Pachacuti (1438″1472). It is the most well-known image of Inca civilisation, and is sometimes referred to as the “Lost City of the Incas.” The estate was erected by the Incas in 1450, but it was abandoned a century later after the Spanish conquest.

Machu Picchu was constructed in the Inca tradition, with polished dry-stone walls. The Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Room of the Three Windows are the three main constructions. The majority of the outlying structures have been restored to give visitors a clearer understanding of how they once looked. By 1976, 30% of Machu Picchu had been rebuilt, and the work is still ongoing.

In 1981, Machu Picchu was designated as a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary, and in 1983, it was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In a worldwide internet poll in 2007, Machu Picchu was named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

According to Richard L. Burger, a Yale University anthropology professor, Machu Picchu was erected around the 1450s. In a study undertaken by Professor Burger in 2021, radiocarbon dating (particularly, AMS) revealed that Machu Picchu was occupied between 1420 and 1530 AD. Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui (1438″1471) and Tpac Inca Yupanqui (1472″1493), two renowned Inca monarchs, appear to have built it. : xxxvi Archeologists agree that Pachacutec ordered the construction of the royal estate for himself to utilize as a retreat, most likely following a victorious military battle. Despite the fact that Machu Picchu is considered a “royal” estate, it would not have been passed down down the generations. It was instead utilized for 80 years until being abandoned, perhaps due to Spanish conquests in other sections of the Inca Empire. Before the Spanish conquistadors came in the region, it’s conceivable that the majority of its population perished of smallpox spread by visitors.

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