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Opel Vehicle GmbH, or Opel, is a German automobile manufacturer that has been a Stellantis subsidiary since January 16, 2021. From 1929 until 2017, it was owned by General Motors, and from 2017 to 2021, it was owned by the PSA Group, a forerunner of Stellantis. In the United Kingdom, Opel automobiles are offered under the Vauxhall brand. Until 2020, certain Opel cars were badge-engineered in Australia as Holdens, and in North America and China as Buicks, Saturns, and Cadillacs.

Opel began as a sewing machine factory in Rüsselsheim am Main, founded by Adam Opel in 1862. In 1886, the firm began producing bicycles, and in 1899, it created its first vehicle. Following its initial public offering in 1929, General Motors purchased a majority interest in Opel, followed by complete control in 1931, establishing American dominance of the German carmaker for over 90 years.

PSA agreed to buy Opel, its British sister brand Vauxhall, and the European auto loan company from General Motors for ,2.2 billion in March 2017, making it Europe’s second largest manufacturer behind Volkswagen.

Rüsselsheim am Main is still the home of Opel. The firm designs, engineers, produces, and sells Opel-branded passenger automobiles, light commercial vehicles, and automotive components in over 60 countries throughout the world, together with its English sister marque Vauxhall.

After Opel’s widow Sophie and their two eldest sons formed a cooperation with Friedrich Lutzmann, a locksmith at the court in Dessau, Saxony-Anhalt, who had been working on vehicle ideas for some years, the first automobiles were designed in 1898. The first Opel production Patent Motor Car was built in Rüsselsheim in early 1899, but the cars were not very successful (a total of 65 motor cars were delivered: 11 in 1899, 24 copies in 1900, and 30 in 1901), and the partnership was dissolved after two years. Opel then signed a licensing agreement with the French Automobiles Darracq France in 1901 to manufacture vehicles under the brand name Opel Darracq. Opel bodywork were installed on Darracq chassis and powered by two-cylinder engines in these automobiles.

The business debuted their own-design automobiles at the 1902 Hamburg Motor Show and began producing them in 1906, with the Opel Darracq production ceasing in 1907.

The Opel 4/8 PS vehicle, often known as the Doktorwagen (“Doctor’s Car”), was released in 1909. Physicians who travelled great distances to see their patients back when hard-surfaced roads were still uncommon admired its dependability and toughness. The Doktorwagen cost just 3,950 marks, less than half the price of luxury cars at the time.

The company’s factory was almost completely destroyed by fire in 1911, and a new one was erected with more modern gear.

Opels automobiles were first tested on public roads, which resulted in noise complaints and road damage. In 1917, Opel began building of a test oval in response to public pressure. The track was finished in 1919, but it wasn’t officially opened to the public until October 24, 1920, under the name Opel-Rennbahn, or Opel Race Track in English.

Opel was the first German vehicle manufacturer to use a mass-production assembly line in their manufacturing process in the early 1920s. In 1924, they used their manufacturing line to create the Laubfrosch, a novel open two-seater (Tree frog). Green lacquer was used solely on the Laubfrosch. The car originally cost 3,900 marks (expensive given the less costly production technique), but by the 1930s, it was only 1,930 marks ” thanks in part to the assembly line, but also to the increasing demand for automobiles. Adam Opel paved the path for motorized transportation to become a reliable mode of mobility for individuals of all socioeconomic groups.

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