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Pain relief, pain management, pain medicine, pain control, or algiatry are branches of medicine that use an interdisciplinary approach to alleviate suffering and improve the quality of life for people with chronic pain. Typical pain management teams include physicians, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physical therapists, occupational therapists, assistants, nurses, and dentists. The team may consist of other mental health professionals and massage therapists. The pain sometimes subsides quickly after the underlying injury or pathology has healed, and the doctor treats it with medications such as analgesics and (sometimes) anxiolytics. However, effective management of chronic (long-term) pain often requires the coordinated efforts of a pain management team. Effective pain relief does not mean complete elimination of pain.

Medicine treats injuries and illnesses to speed up healing. It treats anxiety symptoms like pain to relieve suffering during treatment, recovery, and dying. The task of medicine is to alleviate suffering in three cases. The first is when a painful injury or pathology does not respond to treatment and continues. The second is when the pain persists after the injury or pathology has healed. Finally, the third circumstance is when medical science cannot determine the cause of the pain. Treatment approaches for chronic pain include pharmacological measures such as analgesics, antidepressants and anticonvulsants, interventional treatments, physical therapy, exercise, ice or heat, and psychological measures such as biofeedback and cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation use a range of physical techniques such as heat and electrotherapy, exercise therapy, and behavioral therapy. These methods are usually part of an interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary program that may include pharmaceuticals. Spa therapy is beneficial in reducing pain in patients with chronic low back pain. However, there is a limited amount of research on this approach. Research indicates that kinesio tape can be used to reduce pain in people with chronic low back pain. The Center for Disease Control recommends that physiotherapy and exercise be a positive alternative to opioids for pain relief from multiple injuries, illnesses, or ailments. This can include chronic low back pain, osteoarthritis of the hip and knee, or fibromyalgia. Exercise alone or with other rehabilitative disciplines (e.g., psychological approaches) can positively affect pain relief. In addition to reducing pain, exercise can also improve a person’s well-being and general health.

Manipulative and mobilizing therapies are safe interventions that can reduce pain in patients with chronic low back pain. However, manipulation is more effective than mobilization.

Pain neurology education and conventional physiotherapy interventions for chronic low back pain can provide short-term relief from disability and pain.

Physical activities such as tai chi, yoga, and pilates promote harmony between the mind and body through full-body awareness.

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