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The trumpet is a brass instrument often used in classical and jazz ensembles. The trumpet group contains instruments (such as the piccolo pipe) with the highest register in the brass family. Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signalling devices in battle or hunting, examples of which date back to at least 1500 BC. They began to be used as musical instruments only at the end of the 14th or beginning of the 15th century.

Instrument family: Wind instrument, Brass Instruments, Aerophone, Valved brass instruments
Invented: 1500 BC
Related instrument: Cornet, Flugelhorn, Bugle, Pocket trumpet
Hornbostel–Sachs classification: 423.233; (Valved aerophone sounded by lip movement
Classifications: Brass Instruments, Aerophone

Trumpets are used in musical art styles such as orchestras, concert groups and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music. They are played by blowing air through almost closed lips (the so-called ensemble of the player), producing a “buzzing” sound, that begins to vibrate a standing wave in the air column inside the instrument. From the end of the 15th century, they were mainly made of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a round, rectangular shape.

There are many different types of trumpet, the most common of which is B♭ (transposing instrument) with a tubing length of about 1.48 m (4 feet 10 inches). Early trumpets do not provide a means for changing the length of the trumpet, while modern tools usually have three (or sometimes four) valves for changing their pitch. There are eight combinations of three valves, which form seven different tubing lengths, with the third valve sometimes used as an alternative finger, equivalent to a combination of 1-2. Most trumpets have piston type valves, while some have rotary type valves. The use of rotary valve tubes is more common in orchestral conditions, although this practice varies from country to country. Each valve, when turned on, increases the length of the trumpet, reducing the tool pitch. A trumpeter is called a trumpeter or trumpeter.

The most common type is the B♭ trumpet, but A, C, D, E ♭, E, low F and G trumpets are also available. The C trumpet is the most common in the American orchestral piece, where it is used in combination with the B♭ trumpet. Orchestral trumpeters can transmit music from sight, often playing music written for A, B ♭, D, E ♭, E or F on a trumpet C or B ♭.

Trumpet pitched in the low key G are also called sopranos, or sopranos, after they have been adapted by military bugles. Traditionally used in drum and bugle corps, sopranos had both rotary and piston valves.

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