The woman is an adult female human. The term “woman” can also refer to a girl (a female child or adolescent). The plural women are sometimes used for female humans, regardless of age, for example, in the phrase “women’s rights.”

A woman usually has two X chromosomes and is able to conceive and give birth from puberty to menopause. Female anatomy, unlike the male, includes the fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, vulva, breasts, Skene’s glands, and Bartholin’s glands. The adult female pelvis is wider than men, their hips tend to be wider, and women have significantly less hair on their faces and other body hair. On average, women are shorter and less muscular than men.

Throughout human history, traditional genders have often defined and limited women’s activities and opportunities; many religious doctrines have specific rules for women. With the relaxation of restrictions in the 20th century, women in many societies gained access to careers beyond the traditional homemaker and the capability to pursue higher education. Violence against women, whether in the family or in society, has a long history and is perpetrated primarily by men. Some women are denied reproductive rights. Feminist movements and ideologies share a common goal of achieving gender equality.

Trans women are born with a male gender assignment that does not correspond to their gender identity, while intersex women are born with sex characteristics that do not correspond to typical ideas of female biology. The spelling of the word “woman” in English over the past millennium has progressed from wīfmann to wīmmann, wumman, and finally, the modern spelling woman. In Old English, wīfmann meant “woman” (literally “woman-person”), and we’re meant “man.” Mann had the gender-neutral meaning of “human”, corresponding to modern English “person” or “someone”; However, after the Norman conquest, the term “male” became more used in connection with “male human”, and in the late 13th century began to hide the eclipse use of the older term “wer.” The middle labial consonants f and m in wīfmann have merged into the modern form “woman,” while the original wīf, which also meant “woman,” has been semantically narrowed to mean married woman (“wife”).

There is a common misconception that the term “woman” is etymologically related to “womb.” “Womb” comes from the Old English word womb meaning “belly uterus” (Modern German retains the colloquial term “wamme” from Old High German wamba for “belly, paunch, lap”)

Femininity is the period of a woman’s life after childhood, puberty, and adolescence. Laws vary from country to country, but 18 is often considered an adult (the age at which a person is legally considered an adult).

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